Weaving frame



April 13, 1943.

1'. P. LITII'LEPAGE, JR 2,316,698

WEAVING FRAME Filed Nov. 14, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l 77/0/1415 2 uwzznms, J7:

Kiw

Patented Apr. 13, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WEAVING FRAME Thomas P. Littlepage, In, Washington, D. C.

Application November 14, 1941, Serial No. 419,201

16 Claims.

This invention relates to weaving frames, particularly manually operable looms.

The primary object of the invention is to provide, in a hand loom comprising a rectangular frame carrying series of upright pins about which yarn is looped to form series of courses overlying one another, means for vertically spacing the series from one another and, additionally, means for spacing the loops from the frame so that a needle may readily be worked through the courses. More specifically, it is proposed to provide a hand loom "on which the series of wound yarn are vertically spaced from one another so that the individual courses forming the series may be easily identified as the needle which carries the weaving strand is worked across the frame, first over a course in one series and then under the adjacent course in another series. Since, in conventional hand looms, particular difficulty was encountered in working the needle through the yarn loops which lay adjacent the frames, it is herein proposed to provide means for vertically spacing the loops from the frame so that a needle may be manipulated through the loops with facile dexterity and without binding against the frame, even though the needle be sharply inclined upwardly or downwardly, and even though the work be tightly woven.

Another object is th provision, in a hand loom, of pin means for spacing the successive courses horizontally from one another. Since three distinct series of yarn are wound on the frame not only with the series overlying one another, but also with the courses forming the series in a particular laterally spacedrelationship, it is, by this invention, intended to simplify the winding-on operations and, accordingly, provide for elementary instructions. A special objectiv is the provision of a device which may be explained to and understood by juveniles. Accordingly, the invention contemplates utilizing color, form and grouping to assist identification of certain pins and to render effective pictorial direction. Simultaneously, by providing certain pins of double form, it is herein proposed to eliminate certain chronic blunders in winding on the yarn by making it impossible to wind yarn between the double pins.

These and other objectives will appear fulfilled from the following specification and drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the device with yarn wound thereon and with one course of weaving therethrough;

Figure 2 is a vertical section through Figure 1 along the lines 22;

Figure 3 is a vertical section perpendicular to the section 22 and taken along the lines 33 of Figure l;

Figure 4 is an end elevation of the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 with the yarn removed.

Figure 5 is an end elevation of a second embodiment;

Figure 6 is an end elevation of a third embodiment; and

Figure 7 is a fragmentary enlarged section I taken along the left hand portion of the side Id.

of Figure 1.

Referring to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, and Figure '7, the hand loom comprises a first pair of spaced parallel elements forming sides 4 and 6 and a second pair of spaced parallel elements forming ends 8 and I0 rigidly joined at their ends to form a rectangular base, the central portion of which is open. As shown, the side and end elements are formed. of wood but obviously they may be metal, plastic or other suitable material and produced individually, or the frame may be cast, molded, stamped or bent as an integral unit.

A plurality of steel pins l2 extend upwardly from side elements 4 and B, the pins having their lower ends embedded in the frame material and being grouped to form a plurality of spaced pairs I4 on side 6 and M, on side 4. It will be seen that the pairs of pins 14' are slightly staggered relative to pairs l4.

On ends 8 and ID a plurality of upstanding pin units are arranged preferably with equal spacing therebetween. The pin units comprise single copper pins lta, single steel pins llib, and double pins it. Figure '7 is an enlarged view showing, in detail, the double pin units i8 formed of copper pins 18a and steel pins lBb immediately adja cent thereto so that, reading from left to right along end 8, there will be found a steel pin [621, a copper pin Itla, a steel pin I81), a copper pin Isa, the ordercontinuing across end 8. The pins along the opposite end I0 are similarly grouped with the exception of the pins at the corners which are otherwise arranged to facilitate the winding on operations later described.

In order to support" certain portions of the workabove the frame, strips 20 and 29' are rig idly secured, as by gluing, to the top faces of end elements 8 and I6, respectively, the tops 26, 26' of the supports being arcuate. As seen best in Figures 1 and 3, supports 20 and 20 abut the outer sides of the single and double pins and, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, pins [6a, lBb, l8a. and I8!) extend uniformly above the tops of supports 20, 20', so that the spaces 24 therebetween are of uniform depth, the bottoms of the spaces being considered to terminate adjacent the arcuate top surfaces 26. It is further apparent that the bottoms of the spaces 22 between pins l2 extend substantially below the bottoms of the spaces between pins liia. I611, I811, and l8b.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure resembles the structure above described with two principal exceptions. First, the supports on each end of the frame, one end of which is designated I08, are formed by a curved wire I soldered, as indicated at I21, to each of the pins. Second, instead of using two separate pins la and l8b, as in the previous embodiment, pins I I8 'ofdouble width are interspersed between single copper pins lllia and single steel pins l IBb. The pins! l2 are arranged along the sides of the frame as are pin 12 in the first embodiment.

The embodiment illustrated in Figure 6 is similar to the two embodiments described above with the exception, first, that a fiat support 220- issecured to each of the opposed ends 208 and, second, the tops of the pins do not form an arc. Thirdly, the double width units 218 are formed by staples having closed ends 2H] andclosely adjacent legs 2l8a, 2I8b, which may be appropriately colored to resemble copper and steel, respectively, if desired. In each of the modifications it will be understood that bottoms I26 of the spaces between the pins on the end elements, in Figure 5, and spaces 226, between the pins on the end elements in Figure 6, terminate above the bottoms of the spaces between the pins H2 or 212 on the side elements.

It will be further understood that the supports in the modification shown in Figures 1 to 4, inelusive, and Figures 6 and .7 may be formed integral with the end elements therebeneath and that the pins carried by the end elements may extend upwardly directly from the upper faces of the adjacent supports.

In operation, starting from the right hand corner of the frame, as shown in Figure 1, a slipnoose is made near the end of a strand of yarn and passed around the first two pin units which are indicated by bracket I and around the two pin units indicated by bracket II on the opposite side, the short and long ends of the strand, at this point, extending from side I0. The long end of the strand is then passed around single copper pin lfia', run across the frame, andthen looped around the opposite pair of steel pins l8b, liib indicated by bracket III, the strand being coursed" back and forth from endto' end andlooped around opposed pairs of steel pins until the far corner is reached, thus to wind on the lowermost series 32 of courses. Thereupon the strand is turned around the first pair of pins 14, designated Ma, and then coursed back and forth from side to side and looped around the pairs of steel pins l4, I4 until the pair of pins l4 indicated at Ida. is reached, thusto wind on intermediate series 38. Next the strand is turned as indicated at 38 around pins Ma and the adjacent double pin l8, and recoursed from end to end, the strand now being looped around the copper pins as indicated by bracket III to formthe uppermost series 40. The last series of courses will terminate in a half loop around pin 16a" so that the work is now ready for weaving.

After the free end of the yarn strand is thread ed through a large needle (not shown), the needle is worked through. the space between pins Ma and across the frame, first passing under a course in lowermost series 32, then over the next succeeding course of uppermost series 40. Since the pairs [4 of pins l2 are staggered relative to the pairs M, the needle will emerge on side 4 so as to pull the weaving strand through a relative wide space 22a, as seen in Fig. 1. When the needle is returned towards side 6, it is again started through a space 22 between the pins forming the next succeeding pair IA. The weaving operation is thus continued until the final traverse is negotiated, and after the tail end of the yarn has been cut, the completed work square may be slid upwardly off the pins.

The invention having been described in detail is not to be limited to the specific disclosure, but given the full scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. Ina weaving frame, a generally rectangular support forming two opposed pairs of sides, a plurality of upstanding elements on each of said sides, said elements being spaced fromone another whereby yarn may be looped around said elements, the spaces on each of one of said opposed pairs of sides extending below the spaces on each of the other of said opposed pairsof sides.

2. In a rectangular weaving frame, a first pair of opposed sides having upper edgeslying in a horizontal plane and a plurality of pins extending upwardly therefrom, a second pair of opposed sides having a plurality of pin extending upwardly therefrom, and means on said second pair of sides extending above said plane and having upper edges lying intermediate the upper and lower ends of said pins on each of said second pair of sides for supporting yarn looped therearound above said plane.

3. The combination claimed in claim 2. the upper edges of said means being substantially arcuate.

4; The combination claimed in claim 2, the

--upper edges of said means being substantially flat and lying in a plane substantially parallel to the first-mentioned plane.

5. The combination claimed in claim 2, said means comprising a substantially oblong strip of rigid material rigidly aifixed to each of said first pair of sides.

6. The combination claimed in claim 2, said mean comprising wires extending substantially in the direction of said first pair of sides, and

* means respectively securing said wires adjacent the pins on said first pair of sides.-

7. The combination claimed in claim 2, said means comprising substantially arcuate wires, and mean respectively securing said wires against the pins on said first pair of sides.

8. In a rectangular weaving frame having first and second pairs of opposed sides, a plurality of upstanding pin units consecutively arranged on said sides, the pin units on one of said pair of sides comprising three consecutive pin means, the first of said pin means being a single pin of one color, the second of said pin means being a single pin of another color, the third pin means being a double pin of both colors, said double pin being of said one color on the side adjacent a second pin means, and being of said other color on the side adjacent a first pin means.

9. The combination claimed in claim 8, at least some of the double pins on one of said sides beof horizontally disposed sides, a series of upstanding elements on each of said sides, said elements being spaced from one another whereby yarn may be looped therearound, and elongated, horizontally disposed support means adjacent the upstanding elements on each of one of said opposed pairs of sides forlimiting the downward displacement of yarn looped therearound below a plane lying above the bottoms of the spaces between the elements on each of the other pair of sides.

12. The combination claimed in claim 11, said support means comprising elongated pieces of rigid material disposed along the outer sides of said elements.

13. In a device of the type described, a generally rectangular frame comprising two pairs of opposed sides having upper surfaces lying in a single horizontal plane, a plurality of pins spaced from one another and extending upwardly from said upper surfaces, and means on each of one of said opposed pairs of sides for supporting yarn looped around the pins thereon above said upper surfaces.

14. In a rectangular weaving frame, first and second pairs of opposed sides having upper surfaces lying substantially in a single horizontal plane, and a plurality of pins projecting upwardly from said upper surfaces of each of said sides,

a pair of elongated elements on one of said pairs of sides, said elements extending lengthwise of their respective sides and lying against said pins between the upper ends thereof and the surfaces from which they project, whereby to limit the downward displacement of yarn looped therearound below a plane lying above the first-mentioned plane, there being a free space above the first-mentioned plane immediately adjacent the inner sides of the pins on said one pair of sides.

15. In a rectangular weaving frame, first and second pairs of opposed sides having upper surfaces lying substantially in a single horizontal plane, and a plurality of pins projecting upwardly from said upper surfaces of each of said sides, a pair of elongated elements on one of said pairs of sides, said elements lying against said pins between the upper ends thereof and the surfaces from which they project, whereby to limit the downward displacement of yarn looped therearound below a plane lying above the first-mentioned plane, the elements being disposed on the outer sides of said pins, there being a free space above the first-mentioned plane on the inner sides of the pins on said one pair of sides.

16. In a rectangular'weaving frame, first and second pairs of opposed sides having upper surfaces lying substantially in a single plane, and a plurality of pins projecting upwardly from said upper surfaces and forming rows along each of said sides, the rows being disposed intermediate the inner and outer edges of said sides, a pair of elongated strips of rigid material aflixed on the upper surfaces of one of said opposed pairs of sides and being disposed on the outer sides of the pins with the inner edges of the strips resting against the pins, whereby to prevent the downward displacement of yarn looped therearound below a plane lying above the first-mentioned plane.

THOMAS P. LITTLEPAGE, JR. 

